# Melatonin, mitochondrial homeostasis and mitochondrial-related diseases.
> メラトニンとミトコンドリア恒常性：ミトコンドリア関連疾患における役割のレビュー


## Abstract

This review examines the role of mitochondria in cellular energy metabolism, heat production via uncoupling mechanisms, and programmed cell death, while also addressing the evolutionary 'hydrogen hypothesis' that posits a symbiotic origin for eukaryotic energy systems. Mitochondria harbor a conserved mammalian genome whose transcription appears responsive to membrane redox potential. Dysfunction in both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA has been implicated in neurodegenerative and neuromuscular conditions. Melatonin, recognized as a potent antioxidant, has accumulated experimental support for protective effects against oxidative stress-induced macromolecular damage, particularly in contexts where mitochondrial integrity is compromised. The review consolidates current mechanistic understanding of melatonin's interactions with mitochondrial pathways.

### Mechanism

Melatonin acts as a potent antioxidant that suppresses ROS-induced macromolecular damage and may modulate mitochondrial gene expression through redox-sensitive transcriptional regulation at the mitochondrial membrane, thereby preserving mitochondrial homeostasis.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Acuña Castroviejo D, Escames G, Carazo A, León J, Khaldy H, Reiter RJ
- **Journal**: Curr Top Med Chem
- **Year**: 2002
- **PMID**: [11899097](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11899097/)
- **DOI**: [10.2174/1568026023394344](https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026023394344)
- **Study type**: review
- **Delivery route**: not specified
- **Effect reported**: not assessed

## Delivery context

The delivery route is not clearly identifiable from this paper. For hydrogen intake, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are not recommended).

## Safety notes

The delivery route is not clearly identifiable from this paper. For hydrogen intake, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 11899097. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/11899097
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [11899097](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11899097/)