# Mechanism of the lifespan extension of Caenorhabditis elegans by electrolyzed reduced water--participation of Pt nanoparticles.
> 電解還元水によるカエノラブディティス・エレガンスの寿命延長メカニズム：白金ナノ粒子の関与


## Abstract

Electrolyzed reduced water (ERW) contains both molecular hydrogen and trace amounts of platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs). Using a novel culture medium called Water Medium, ERW was found to significantly prolong the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. Synthetic Pt NPs at ppb concentrations extended nematode longevity and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by paraquat exposure. By contrast, high concentrations of dissolved molecular hydrogen alone did not produce a significant effect on lifespan. These findings indicate that Pt NPs, rather than molecular hydrogen, are the primary active component responsible for the longevity-promoting effects of ERW, at least in part through ROS scavenging activity.

### Mechanism

Platinum nanoparticles at ppb concentrations scavenge paraquat-induced reactive oxygen species in C. elegans, contributing to lifespan extension. Dissolved molecular hydrogen at high concentrations did not significantly affect longevity, suggesting Pt NPs are the primary active agent.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Yan H, Kinjo T, Tian H, Hamasaki T, Teruya K, Kabayama S, et al.
- **Journal**: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem
- **Year**: 2011
- **PMID**: [21737933](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21737933/)
- **DOI**: [10.1271/bbb.110072](https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.110072)
- **Study type**: animal study
- **Delivery route**: hydrogen-rich water
- **Effect reported**: mixed

## Delivery context

Hydrogen-rich water is a low-risk delivery route, but the achievable systemic hydrogen dose is bounded. For clinical applications, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk, and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10% applies to inhalation environments; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

## Safety notes

Hydrogen-rich water is a low-risk delivery route, but the achievable systemic hydrogen dose is bounded. For clinical applications, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk, and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10% applies to inhalation environments; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)
- [Inhalation safety threshold lineage](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/lineage)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 21737933. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/21737933
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [21737933](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21737933/)