# Effects of hydrogen-rich water on abnormalities in a SHR.Cg-Leprcp/NDmcr rat - a metabolic syndrome rat model.
> メタボリックシンドロームラットモデル（SHR-cp）における水素水摂取が代謝異常に及ぼす影響


## Abstract

This animal study examined the impact of 16-week oral hydrogen-rich water (HRW) administration on metabolic abnormalities in SHR.Cg-Leprcp/NDmcr (SHR-cp) rats, a recognized metabolic syndrome model. Five-week-old male SHR-cp rats were allocated to either an HRW group or a distilled-water control group. At study completion, metabolic cage measurements showed significantly greater water intake and urine output in the HRW group. Renal function markers improved markedly: the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio was lower, creatinine clearance was higher, and fasting plasma urea nitrogen and creatinine were reduced in HRW-fed animals. Plasma total antioxidant capacity was significantly elevated in the HRW group. Histological assessment revealed a lower glomerulosclerosis score in HRW animals, and this score correlated positively with plasma urea nitrogen levels. Collectively, these findings indicate that HRW confers renoprotective effects in metabolic syndrome rats, at least partly through suppression of glomerulosclerosis and improvement of creatinine clearance.

### Mechanism

HRW selectively scavenges hydroxyl radicals, thereby reducing oxidative stress implicated in metabolic syndrome progression. This antioxidant action is proposed to suppress glomerulosclerosis development and preserve renal filtration function.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Hashimoto M, Katakura M, Nabika T, Tanabe Y, Hossain S, Tsuchikura S, et al.
- **Journal**: Med Gas Res
- **Year**: 2011 (2011-11-03)
- **PMID**: [22146083](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22146083/)
- **DOI**: [10.1186/2045-9912-1-26](https://doi.org/10.1186/2045-9912-1-26)
- **PMC**: [PMC3231949](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3231949/)
- **Study type**: animal study
- **Delivery route**: hydrogen-rich water
- **Effect reported**: positive

## Delivery context

Hydrogen-rich water is a low-risk delivery route, but the achievable systemic hydrogen dose is bounded. For clinical applications, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk, and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10% applies to inhalation environments; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

## Safety notes

Hydrogen-rich water is a low-risk delivery route, but the achievable systemic hydrogen dose is bounded. For clinical applications, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk, and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10% applies to inhalation environments; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)
- [Inhalation safety threshold lineage](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/lineage)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 22146083. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/22146083
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [22146083](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22146083/)