# Inhibitory Effects of Hydrogen on Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via Down-Regulation of Mitogen/Activated Protein Kinase and Ezrin-Radixin-Moesin Signaling Pathways.
> 水素による血管平滑筋細胞の増殖・遊走抑制：MAPKおよびERM経路の下方制御を介したメカニズム解析


## Abstract

This study examined how molecular hydrogen affects angiotensin II (Ang II)-driven proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in vitro, and abdominal aortic coarctation (AAC)-induced vascular hypertrophy in vivo. Hydrogen-rich medium (0.6–0.9 ppm) was applied 30 minutes before 10⁻⁷ M Ang II, with endpoints assessed at 24 hours. In the animal model, pure hydrogen gas (99.999%) was administered intraperitoneally at 1 ml/100 g/day for one week prior to AAC and continued for six weeks. Hydrogen reduced reactive oxygen species in Ang II-stimulated VSMCs, lowered 3-nitrotyrosine in vascular tissue, and decreased serum malondialdehyde. Phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, JNK, and ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) proteins was also suppressed. These findings suggest that ROS-dependent MAPK and ERM signaling mediates the inhibitory effects of hydrogen on VSMC proliferation, migration, and vascular remodeling.

### Mechanism

Hydrogen scavenges reactive oxygen species, thereby suppressing phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, JNK, and ERM proteins, which reduces Ang II-induced VSMC proliferation and migration as well as AAC-induced vascular hypertrophy.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Zhang YJ, Xu J, You XC, Wang CY, Zhou KW, Li PY, et al.
- **Journal**: Chin J Physiol
- **Year**: 2016 (2016-02-29)
- **PMID**: [26875562](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26875562/)
- **DOI**: [10.4077/CJP.2016.BAE365](https://doi.org/10.4077/CJP.2016.BAE365)
- **Study type**: in vitro study
- **Delivery route**: mixed routes
- **Effect reported**: positive

## Delivery context

This study combines multiple delivery routes. As a general principle, the most efficient route for routine hydrogen intake is inhalation. Inhalation carries explosion risk (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

## Safety notes

This study combines multiple delivery routes. As a general principle, the most efficient route for routine hydrogen intake is inhalation. Inhalation carries explosion risk (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)
- [Inhalation safety threshold lineage](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/lineage)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 26875562. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/26875562
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [26875562](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26875562/)