# Hydrogen-rich water achieves cytoprotection from oxidative stress injury in human gingival fibroblasts in culture or 3D-tissue equivalents, and wound-healing promotion, together with ROS-scavenging and relief from glutathione diminishment.
> 水素水がヒト歯肉線維芽細胞および3次元組織等価体において酸化ストレス障害から細胞を保護し、創傷治癒を促進する効果


## Abstract

This study examined whether hydrogen-rich water (HW), prepared using a magnesium stick to achieve approximately 1460 μg/L dissolved hydrogen, could protect human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and three-dimensional gingival tissue equivalents from oxidative damage. Under cell-free conditions, HW dose-dependently neutralized peroxyl radicals generated from AAPH. Intracellular extracts from HW-exposed HGF cells showed greater radical-scavenging capacity than controls, indicating enhanced endogenous antioxidant activity. Hydrogen peroxide-induced ROS accumulation in both cytoplasm and nuclei was significantly suppressed by HW, and cell death assessed by LIVE/DEAD staining and a dye-extraction viability assay was markedly reduced. HW also mitigated hydrogen peroxide-driven depletion of intracellular glutathione. In 3D gingival equivalents, HW prevented cumene hydroperoxide-induced ROS generation in the epidermal layer. An in vitro scratch assay further demonstrated that HW reduced ROS associated with physical injury and accelerated wound closure in HGF monolayers.

### Mechanism

Hydrogen-rich water enhances intracellular antioxidant capacity, suppresses hydrogen peroxide-induced ROS accumulation in cytoplasm and nuclei, and mitigates glutathione depletion, collectively protecting cells from oxidative stress-mediated damage.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Xiao L, Miwa N
- **Journal**: Hum Cell
- **Year**: 2017
- **PMID**: [27804028](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27804028/)
- **DOI**: [10.1007/s13577-016-0150-x](https://doi.org/10.1007/s13577-016-0150-x)
- **Study type**: in vitro study
- **Delivery route**: in vitro
- **Effect reported**: positive

## Delivery context

This is basic research at the cellular or molecular level. For human application, inhalation is the most promising delivery route, but inhalation carries explosion risk and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are not recommended).

## Safety notes

This is basic research at the cellular or molecular level. For human application, inhalation is the most promising delivery route, but inhalation carries explosion risk and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)
- [Inhalation safety threshold lineage](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/lineage)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 27804028. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/27804028
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [27804028](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27804028/)