# Hydrogen-Rich Saline Regulates Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, Dysbiosis, and Bacterial Translocation in a Murine Model of Sepsis.
> 敗血症マウスモデルにおける水素富化生理食塩水の腸管バリア機能・腸内細菌叢・細菌転座への影響


## Abstract

Using a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) murine sepsis model, this study examined the effects of orally administered hydrogen-rich saline (7 ppm, 15 mL/kg/day for 7 days) on gut barrier function and microbial homeostasis. The hydrogen-treated group showed a markedly higher 7-day survival rate compared with saline controls (69% vs. 31%, P < 0.05). At 24 hours post-CLP, bacterial translocation detected via mesenteric lymph node and blood cultures was significantly reduced, and intestinal hyperpermeability was attenuated. Expansion of facultative anaerobic Enterobacteriaceae was suppressed, indicating a protective effect on gut microbiota composition. At 6 hours post-CLP, intestinal tissue concentrations of inducible nitric oxide synthase, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde were all reduced in the hydrogen group. These findings indicate that luminal hydrogen-rich saline administration may mitigate dysbiosis, barrier disruption, and bacterial translocation in critical illness.

### Mechanism

Hydrogen-rich saline reduces intestinal levels of inflammatory mediators (iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde, thereby suppressing gut dysbiosis and hyperpermeability, which collectively limit bacterial translocation to lymph nodes and systemic circulation.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Ikeda M, Shimizu K, Ogura H, Kurakawa T, Umemoto E, Motooka D, et al.
- **Journal**: Shock
- **Year**: 2018
- **PMID**: [29293174](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29293174/)
- **DOI**: [10.1097/SHK.0000000000001098](https://doi.org/10.1097/SHK.0000000000001098)
- **Study type**: animal study
- **Delivery route**: injection / infusion
- **Effect reported**: positive

## Delivery context

Intravenous hydrogen-saline infusion is a clinic-only route and is not viable for everyday self-administration. For routine hydrogen intake, inhalation is the most practical route, but inhalation carries explosion risk and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration 66% / 100% devices are not recommended).

## Safety notes

Intravenous hydrogen-saline infusion is a clinic-only route and is not viable for everyday self-administration. For routine hydrogen intake, inhalation is the most practical route, but inhalation carries explosion risk and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration 66% / 100% devices are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)
- [Inhalation safety threshold lineage](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/lineage)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 29293174. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/29293174
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [29293174](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29293174/)