# Protein chip and bioinformatic analyses of differentially expressed proteins involved in the effect of hydrogen-rich water on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
> 水素水が心筋虚血再灌流傷害に与える影響に関与する差次発現タンパク質のプロテインチップおよびバイオインフォマティクス解析


## Abstract

This study investigated the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) underlying the effects of hydrogen-rich water on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) using a rat Langendorff perfusion model. Twenty Wistar rats were equally allocated to a control group (Krebs-Ringer solution) or a hydrogen-rich water group (Krebs-Ringer solution supplemented with hydrogen-rich water). Ventricular tissue proteins were extracted and analyzed with the GSR-CAA-67 protein chip platform. Compared with controls, 25 proteins showed significantly reduced expression in the hydrogen-rich water group (p < 0.05). Gene Ontology enrichment analysis identified 359 biological processes, encompassing signaling pathway regulation, immune responses, and cardiovascular endothelial cell formation. KEGG pathway analysis highlighted five relevant signaling pathways. These findings provide a proteomic and bioinformatic framework for understanding how hydrogen-rich water modulates MIRI at the molecular level.

### Mechanism

Hydrogen-rich water perfusion reduced the expression of 25 proteins in ventricular tissue. GO and KEGG bioinformatic analyses implicated multiple biological processes—including immune response regulation, cardiovascular endothelial cell formation, and signaling pathway modulation—as mechanistic contributors to the observed cardioprotective effect.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Li L, Liu TT, Li XM, Liu X, Liu L, Li SC, et al.
- **Journal**: Int J Med Sci
- **Year**: 2019
- **PMID**: [31588191](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31588191/)
- **DOI**: [10.7150/ijms.35984](https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.35984)
- **PMC**: [PMC6775260](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6775260/)
- **Study type**: animal study
- **Delivery route**: hydrogen-rich water
- **Effect reported**: positive

## Delivery context

Hydrogen-rich water is a low-risk delivery route, but the achievable systemic hydrogen dose is bounded. For clinical applications, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk, and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10% applies to inhalation environments; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

## Safety notes

Hydrogen-rich water is a low-risk delivery route, but the achievable systemic hydrogen dose is bounded. For clinical applications, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk, and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10% applies to inhalation environments; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)
- [Inhalation safety threshold lineage](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/lineage)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 31588191. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/31588191
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [31588191](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31588191/)