# Hydrogen-rich bath with nano-sized bubbles improves antioxidant capacity based on oxygen radical absorbing and inflammation levels in human serum.
> ナノバブル水素浴が血清の酸素ラジカル吸収能および炎症指標に与える影響：健常者と炎症性・膠原病患者の比較


## Abstract

Using a hydrogen-rich bath device generating nano-sized bubbles (diameter 110±10 nm) with dissolved hydrogen concentrations of 338–682 μg/L, this study examined changes in serum oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in healthy volunteers and patients with inflammatory or connective tissue diseases. In healthy subjects, a 10-minute hydrogen-water bath elevated ORAC to 110.9±9.2% at 120 minutes post-bathing, while CRP declined to 70.2±12.1%, contrasting with no significant change after normal water bathing. Among connective tissue disease patients, repeated hydrogen bathing over 9 days to 4 months suppressed CRP to 3–24% of baseline. In six patients with various autoimmune-related conditions, daily hydrogen bathing for 2–25 months reduced mean pre-bath CRP from 5.31 mg/dL to 0.24 mg/dL, within the normal reference range, with visible improvement of inflammatory symptoms in some individuals.

### Mechanism

High-density nano-bubble hydrogen is thought to be absorbed transdermally, scavenging reactive oxygen species in the bloodstream, thereby enhancing serum antioxidant capacity and suppressing systemic inflammation as reflected by CRP reduction.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Tanaka Y, Xiao L, Miwa N
- **Journal**: Med Gas Res
- **Year**: 2022
- **PMID**: [34854419](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34854419/)
- **DOI**: [10.4103/2045-9912.330692](https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-9912.330692)
- **PMC**: [PMC8690854](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8690854/)
- **Study type**: human observational study
- **Delivery route**: hydrogen bath
- **Effect reported**: positive

## Delivery context

Hydrogen bathing has reports of localized effects, but for systemic hydrogen intake the most efficient route is inhalation. Inhalation carries explosion risk (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

## Safety notes

Hydrogen bathing has reports of localized effects, but for systemic hydrogen intake the most efficient route is inhalation. Inhalation carries explosion risk (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 34854419. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/34854419
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [34854419](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34854419/)