# Evaluation of the impact of hydrogen-rich water on the quality attribute notes of butter.
> 水素富化水によるバター洗浄が品質特性に与える影響の評価


## Abstract

This study examined how washing raw butter with hydrogen-rich water (HRW), generated using hydrogen (H) or magnesium (Mg), affects product quality over storage. The washing step reduced titratable acidity (TA) by 12% across all groups. Over 60 and 90 days of storage, TA rose by 28% and 93% in controls, 14% and 58% in the H group, and 10% and 66% in the Mg group. Peroxide values (mEq O/kg) reached 2.76 and 8.83 (control), 1.92 and 7.25 (H), and 2.02 and 8.12 (Mg) at the same time points. HRW-washed samples exhibited the lowest acid degree values and the highest color scores (L*, C*, h). No harmful residues were detected in the finished product or surrounding environment, suggesting HRW washing as a promising approach for preserving butter quality.

### Mechanism

The antioxidant properties of hydrogen-rich water are thought to suppress lipid oxidation and rancidity development in butter, thereby limiting increases in peroxide value and titratable acidity during storage.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Ceylan MM, Bulut M, Alwazeer D, Koyuncu M
- **Journal**: J Dairy Res
- **Year**: 2022
- **PMID**: [36408665](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36408665/)
- **DOI**: [10.1017/S0022029922000681](https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029922000681)
- **Study type**: other
- **Delivery route**: hydrogen-rich water
- **Effect reported**: positive

## Delivery context

Hydrogen-rich water is a low-risk delivery route, but the achievable systemic hydrogen dose is bounded. For clinical applications, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk, and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10% applies to inhalation environments; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

## Safety notes

Hydrogen-rich water is a low-risk delivery route, but the achievable systemic hydrogen dose is bounded. For clinical applications, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk, and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10% applies to inhalation environments; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)
- [Inhalation safety threshold lineage](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/lineage)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 36408665. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/36408665
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [36408665](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36408665/)