# Hydrogen Water: Extra Healthy or a Hoax?-A Systematic Review.
> 水素水の健康効果に関する系統的レビュー：有益か否かの検証


## Abstract

A PROSPERO-registered systematic review was conducted to assess the health-related effects of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) across multiple clinical domains. Following a structured search and dual-blind screening process, 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. The domains examined included physical exercise capacity, endurance, hepatic function, cardiovascular health, mental well-being, COVID-19, oxidative stress reduction, and aging-related outcomes. Preliminary findings from clinical investigations suggest favorable trends; however, the body of evidence remains limited by small sample sizes and heterogeneous methodologies. Furthermore, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the observed effects have not been fully characterized. The review concludes that while HRW shows promise as an adjunctive approach, larger and more rigorously designed trials are required before definitive conclusions can be drawn.

### Mechanism

HRW is proposed to neutralize harmful free radicals through antioxidant activity, with additional protective effects mediated via anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways that reduce oxidative stress-induced cellular damage.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Dhillon G, Buddhavarapu V, Grewal H, Sharma P, Verma RK, Munjal R, et al.
- **Journal**: Int J Mol Sci
- **Year**: 2024 (2024-01-12)
- **PMID**: [38256045](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38256045/)
- **DOI**: [10.3390/ijms25020973](https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25020973)
- **PMC**: [PMC10816294](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10816294/)
- **Study type**: meta-analysis
- **Delivery route**: hydrogen-rich water
- **Effect reported**: mixed

## Delivery context

Hydrogen-rich water is a low-risk delivery route, but the achievable systemic hydrogen dose is bounded. For clinical applications, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk, and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10% applies to inhalation environments; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

## Safety notes

Hydrogen-rich water is a low-risk delivery route, but the achievable systemic hydrogen dose is bounded. For clinical applications, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk, and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10% applies to inhalation environments; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)
- [Inhalation safety threshold lineage](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/lineage)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 38256045. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/38256045
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [38256045](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38256045/)