# Hydrogen-rich water supplementation improves metabolic profile during peripartum period in Gurcu goats and enhances the health and survival of kids.
> 分娩前後のグルク山羊における水素水摂取が代謝プロファイルおよび子山羊の健康・生存率に与える影響


## Abstract

Twenty-three pregnant Gurcu goats were assigned to a hydrogen-rich water (HRW) group (n=10) or a control group (n=13), with HRW administration spanning from 21 days before to 21 days after parturition. Weekly blood sampling revealed that serum glucose was significantly elevated in the HRW group on the delivery day (P=0.016), while total cholesterol (P=0.02) and creatinine (P=0.05) were significantly reduced at parturition. Significant group and time effects were detected for triglyceride and albumin concentrations. Aspartate transaminase declined progressively toward delivery in the HRW group. Non-esterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyric acid showed no statistically significant differences between groups. Kid birth weight and growth performance were unaffected by HRW, yet a trend toward improved survival rates and general health was noted, though without reaching statistical significance. These findings suggest that peripartum HRW supplementation may beneficially modulate lipid metabolism and support offspring viability in goats.

### Mechanism

HRW is proposed to exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that modulate lipid metabolism, reducing total cholesterol and triglycerides while improving hepatic enzyme markers such as AST, thereby alleviating peripartum metabolic stress in goats.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Kuru M, Makav M, Boğa Kuru B, Bektaşoğlu F, Demir MC, Bulut M, et al.
- **Journal**: Res Vet Sci
- **Year**: 2024
- **PMID**: [38458045](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38458045/)
- **DOI**: [10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105208](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105208)
- **Study type**: animal study
- **Delivery route**: hydrogen-rich water
- **Effect reported**: mixed

## Delivery context

Hydrogen-rich water is a low-risk delivery route, but the achievable systemic hydrogen dose is bounded. For clinical applications, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk, and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10% applies to inhalation environments; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

## Safety notes

Hydrogen-rich water is a low-risk delivery route, but the achievable systemic hydrogen dose is bounded. For clinical applications, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk, and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10% applies to inhalation environments; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)
- [Inhalation safety threshold lineage](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/lineage)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 38458045. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/38458045
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [38458045](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38458045/)