# Light-Operated Transient Unilateral Adhesive Hydrogel for Comprehensive Prevention of Postoperative Adhesions.
> 光制御型一過性片面接着ハイドロゲルによる術後癒着の包括的予防


## Abstract

A self-leveling, light-activated hydrogel barrier was engineered from gellan gum (GG) alone to address three persistent challenges in postoperative anti-adhesion materials: displacement, non-specific tissue binding, and secondary fibrinolysis disruption. Methacrylic anhydride was used to perturb intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds within GG, reducing the gelation temperature from 42 °C to 25 °C. Subsequent borate-diol complexation conferred injectability and wound-shape adaptability, while photo-initiated crosslinking of alkenyl groups produced a unilateral adhesive hydrogel (BMeGG-H). In vitro assessments confirmed favorable rheological behavior, selective adhesion, biocompatibility, and resistance to fibrin and cell adhesion. In a rat intra-abdominal surgery model, the material regulated fibrinolysis balance toward non-adhesion by suppressing autoinflammatory responses, restoring intestinal wall integrity, and modulating the t-PA/PAI-1 ratio. A 100% anti-adhesion efficacy rate was recorded at 14 days post-surgery.

### Mechanism

Photo-crosslinked methacrylated gellan gum forms a unilateral adhesive barrier that suppresses autoinflammatory signaling, promotes intestinal wall repair, and restores the t-PA/PAI-1 fibrinolytic balance to prevent postoperative adhesion formation.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Cui F, Shen S, Ma X, Fan DF
- **Journal**: Adv Sci (Weinh)
- **Year**: 2024
- **PMID**: [38924679](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38924679/)
- **DOI**: [10.1002/advs.202403626](https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202403626)
- **PMC**: [PMC11348232](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348232/)
- **Study type**: animal study
- **Delivery route**: in vitro
- **Effect reported**: positive

## Delivery context

This is basic research at the cellular or molecular level. For human application, inhalation is the most promising delivery route, but inhalation carries explosion risk and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are not recommended).

## Safety notes

This is basic research at the cellular or molecular level. For human application, inhalation is the most promising delivery route, but inhalation carries explosion risk and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)
- [Inhalation safety threshold lineage](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/lineage)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 38924679. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/38924679
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [38924679](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38924679/)