# Hydrogen-releasing magnesium hydrogel mitigates post laminectomy epidural fibrosis through inhibition of neutrophil extracellular traps.
> 水素放出マグネシウムハイドロゲルによる椎弓切除術後硬膜外線維症の抑制：好中球細胞外トラップ形成阻害を介したメカニズム


## Abstract

Epidural fibrosis following laminectomy is a major cause of failed back surgery syndrome, with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) playing a central role in its pathogenesis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) drive NET formation at the surgical site. To address this, researchers engineered a sustained hydrogen-delivery system by embedding PLGA-coated biodegradable magnesium microspheres (Mg@PLGA) into a thermosensitive PLGA-PEG-PLGA hydrogel scaffold (Mg@PLGA@Gel). In vitro assessments confirmed that hydrogen generated by Mg@PLGA effectively scavenged intracellular ROS in neutrophils and suppressed NET formation while maintaining good biocompatibility. In a mouse laminectomy model, histological evaluations using H&E, Masson staining, MRI, and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that Mg@PLGA@Gel significantly reduced epidural scarring, ROS accumulation, and NET deposition at the surgical site. These findings indicate that continuous local hydrogen release from this implantable hydrogel system can mitigate post-laminectomy epidural fibrosis.

### Mechanism

Hydrogen released from magnesium microspheres selectively neutralizes intracellular ROS in neutrophils, thereby suppressing NET formation and downstream fibrotic signaling at the laminectomy site.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Mei R, Sun JC, Cao S, Shi MM, Song Z, Hua F, et al.
- **Journal**: Acta Biomater
- **Year**: 2024 (2024-10-15)
- **PMID**: [39260811](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39260811/)
- **DOI**: [10.1016/j.actbio.2024.09.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2024.09.006)
- **Study type**: animal study
- **Delivery route**: in vitro
- **Effect reported**: positive

## Delivery context

This is basic research at the cellular or molecular level. For human application, inhalation is the most promising delivery route, but inhalation carries explosion risk and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are not recommended).

## Safety notes

This is basic research at the cellular or molecular level. For human application, inhalation is the most promising delivery route, but inhalation carries explosion risk and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)
- [Inhalation safety threshold lineage](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/lineage)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 39260811. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/39260811
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [39260811](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39260811/)