# Natural hydrogen gas and engineered microalgae prevent acute lung injury in sepsis.
> 敗血症における急性肺傷害に対する天然水素ガスと工学的微細藻類の複合ナノシステムの効果


## Abstract

A novel nano-system designated DQB@C was developed by combining dihydroquercetin (DQ) nanoparticles with ammonia borane (B) for infection-responsive hydrogen release, then encapsulating the assembly within microalgae (C) as a biological carrier (particle size 307.3 nm, zeta potential −22 mV). Multi-omics analyses—including phosphoproteomics, metabolomics, and proteomics—performed in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis mice receiving hydrogen gas inhalation identified Esam and Zo-1 as key phosphorylation targets, with ferroptosis and glutathione metabolism emerging as central pathways. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics further mapped gene co-expression patterns in the septic lung. In both cell-based and CLP animal experiments, DQB@C reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory mediator accumulation, modulated ferroptosis by upregulating Slc7a11/xCT and downregulating Cox2, and conferred protection to the lung and multiple organs.

### Mechanism

DQB@C releases hydrogen in response to infection, upregulates Slc7a11/xCT, and downregulates Cox2, thereby suppressing ferroptosis and reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory mediator accumulation through the glutathione metabolism pathway.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Wang Y, Han Q, Liu L, Wang SP, Li Y, Qian Z, et al.
- **Journal**: Mater Today Bio
- **Year**: 2024
- **PMID**: [39328786](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39328786/)
- **DOI**: [10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101247](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101247)
- **PMC**: [PMC11426111](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11426111/)
- **Study type**: animal study
- **Delivery route**: mixed routes
- **Effect reported**: positive

## Delivery context

This study combines multiple delivery routes. As a general principle, the most efficient route for routine hydrogen intake is inhalation. Inhalation carries explosion risk (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

## Safety notes

This study combines multiple delivery routes. As a general principle, the most efficient route for routine hydrogen intake is inhalation. Inhalation carries explosion risk (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)
- [Inhalation safety threshold lineage](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/lineage)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 39328786. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/39328786
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [39328786](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39328786/)