# Local Visible-Photocatalytic Production of Hydrogen and Warm Heat for Combination Treatment of Pressure Ulcer.
> 褥瘡に対する可視光触媒による局所水素・温熱併用産生の新戦略


## Abstract

Pressure ulcers (PU) are notoriously difficult to resolve because repeated mechanical loading drives ischemia-reperfusion injury, impairs microcirculation, and sustains chronic inflammation. This study developed palladium nanodot-decorated hydrogen-doped titanium dioxide nanorods (HTON-Pd) as a multifunctional photocatalyst capable of generating molecular hydrogen and localized warmth simultaneously under visible-light irradiation. When incorporated into a hydrogel dressing (HTON-Pd@Gel) and applied daily with visible-light exposure, complete wound closure of refractory PU was achieved within 11 days in an animal model. Mechanistic investigation revealed that the photocatalytically produced hydrogen and heat acted synergistically to enhance skin-cell proliferation and migration, suppress apoptosis, attenuate inflammatory signaling, and stimulate neovascularization, collectively improving the wound microenvironment.

### Mechanism

HTON-Pd photocatalytically generates H2 and localized heat under visible light; together they promote skin-cell proliferation and migration, inhibit apoptosis, reduce inflammatory responses, and stimulate angiogenesis, thereby accelerating wound repair.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Zhu JK, Chen TX, Fang W, Zhou D, Ni D, Zhao B, et al.
- **Journal**: Adv Sci (Weinh)
- **Year**: 2025
- **PMID**: [40491331](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40491331/)
- **DOI**: [10.1002/advs.202503185](https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202503185)
- **PMC**: [PMC12412477](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12412477/)
- **Study type**: animal study
- **Delivery route**: topical application
- **Effect reported**: positive

## Delivery context

Topical applications have localized-effect reports, but systemic hydrogen intake is most efficient via inhalation. Inhalation carries explosion risk (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are not recommended).

## Safety notes

Topical applications have localized-effect reports, but systemic hydrogen intake is most efficient via inhalation. Inhalation carries explosion risk (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 40491331. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/40491331
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [40491331](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40491331/)