# The Effects of 8-Week Hydrogen-Rich Water Consumption on Appetite, Body Composition, Sleep Quality, and Circulating Glucagon-like Peptide-1 in Obese Men and Women (HYDRAPPET): A Randomized Controlled Trial.
> 水素水8週間摂取が肥満男女の食欲・体組成・睡眠の質およびGLP-1に与える影響：無作為化対照試験（HYDRAPPET）


## Abstract

This double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial enrolled 36 obese participants (24 female; mean age 42.1 ± 13.2 years; BMI 30.8 ± 4.2 kg/m²) who consumed either 1.0 L of hydrogen-rich water (15 mg H₂) or 1.0 L of plain control water daily over eight weeks. Compared with the control group, the hydrogen-rich water group showed significant reductions in food cravings (p = 0.05), improvements in subjective sleep quality (p = 0.05), decreases in total cholesterol (p = 0.02) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.04), and elevated plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations (p = 0.05). No serious adverse events were observed during the intervention period. These results indicate that hydrogen-rich water may beneficially influence appetite-related and metabolic parameters in individuals with obesity.

### Mechanism

Hydrogen-rich water consumption was associated with elevated circulating GLP-1 levels, which may enhance satiety signaling, alongside improvements in lipid metabolism markers including total and LDL cholesterol.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Todorovic N, Baltic S, Nedeljkovic D, Kuzmanovic J, Korovljev D, Javorac D, et al.
- **Journal**: Medicina (Kaunas)
- **Year**: 2025 (2025-07-18)
- **PMID**: [40731927](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40731927/)
- **DOI**: [10.3390/medicina61071299](https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61071299)
- **PMC**: [PMC12300559](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12300559/)
- **Study type**: human randomized controlled trial
- **Delivery route**: hydrogen-rich water
- **Effect reported**: positive

## Delivery context

Hydrogen-rich water is a low-risk delivery route, but the achievable systemic hydrogen dose is bounded. For clinical applications, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk, and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10% applies to inhalation environments; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

## Safety notes

Hydrogen-rich water is a low-risk delivery route, but the achievable systemic hydrogen dose is bounded. For clinical applications, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk, and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10% applies to inhalation environments; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)
- [Inhalation safety threshold lineage](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/lineage)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 40731927. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/40731927
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [40731927](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40731927/)