# Osteoimmunometabolic modulation via hydrogen-self-supplying magnesium-reinforced collagen membrane for enhanced guided bone regeneration.
> 水素自己供給型マグネシウム強化コラーゲン膜による骨免疫代謝調節と骨再生誘導の促進


## Abstract

Molecular hydrogen delivery within bone tissue engineering has received limited investigation. This study developed a collagen membrane reinforced with micro-magnesium wires coated by metal-phenolic networks (Col-MMW) for guided bone regeneration. The magnesium wires provided mechanical support and space-maintaining function during early healing phases. Progressive magnesium degradation enabled sustained, localized co-release of H2 and Mg ions. Col-MMW reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species and shifted cellular metabolism from glycolysis toward oxidative phosphorylation. Mechanistically, NRF-2-mediated redox signaling was upregulated while NF-κB-driven inflammatory cascades were suppressed. Rat subcutaneous implantation and calvarial defect models both demonstrated that this osteoimmunometabolic reprogramming significantly enhanced osteogenesis. The findings position Col-MMW as a multifunctional biomaterial integrating structural reinforcement with targeted immune and metabolic modulation for bone repair.

### Mechanism

H2 and Mg ions released from magnesium wire degradation reduce intracellular ROS and reprogram cellular metabolism from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation, activating NRF-2-mediated redox balance while suppressing NF-κB-driven inflammation to modulate the osteoimmune environment.

## Bibliographic

- **Authors**: Mu Y, Du Z, Gao W, He Z, Xiao L, Zhou YN, et al.
- **Journal**: Biomaterials
- **Year**: 2026
- **PMID**: [41435455](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41435455/)
- **DOI**: [10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123928](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123928)
- **Study type**: animal study
- **Delivery route**: in vitro
- **Effect reported**: positive

## Delivery context

This is basic research at the cellular or molecular level. For human application, inhalation is the most promising delivery route, but inhalation carries explosion risk and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are not recommended).

## Safety notes

This is basic research at the cellular or molecular level. For human application, inhalation is the most promising delivery route, but inhalation carries explosion risk and concentration matters (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are not recommended).

See also:
- [Inhalation concentration and LFL / UFL](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/inhalation-concentration)
- [Consumer Affairs Agency accident cases](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/accident-cases)
- [Inhalation safety threshold lineage](https://h2-papers.org/en/safety-notes/lineage)

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> **Cite as**: H2 Papers — PMID 41435455. https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/41435455
> **Source**: PubMed PMID [41435455](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41435455/)