呼気水素測定の医療応用：診断バイオマーカーとしての分子状水素
This review examines technical advances in breath analysis with a focus on molecular hydrogen as a diagnostic biomarker. The underlying principles of the hydrogen breath test are outlined, along with its utility for monitoring microbial metabolic activity. Ten case-study applications are discussed, covering areas such as oxidative stress, gastrointestinal conditions, and metabolic disorders where breath hydrogen measurements provide diagnostic value. The article also addresses practical challenges in breath sampling, sample pretreatment, and hydrogen detection, and surveys current analytical platforms alongside emerging sensor technologies designed to improve measurement accuracy and clinical utility.
Hydrogen produced by intestinal microbial fermentation of carbohydrates is absorbed into the bloodstream and exhaled via the lungs; the resulting breath hydrogen concentration serves as a non-invasive biomarker reflecting gastrointestinal function and metabolic status.
The delivery route is not clearly identifiable from this paper. For hydrogen intake, inhalation is the most efficient route; inhalation, however, carries explosion risk (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are not recommended).
See also:
https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/24481621