Hydrogen gas: A new fresh keeping agent of perishable horticultural products.

Abstract

This review consolidates current findings on hydrogen gas (H₂) as a gaseous signaling molecule involved in postharvest senescence of horticultural products. Evidence indicates that H₂ modulates multiple biochemical pathways, including enhancement of antioxidant defense systems, activation of cell wall metabolism, stimulation of energy metabolism, suppression of ethylene biosynthesis, and regulation of microbial communities. Interactions between H₂ and other signaling molecules are examined, along with the biological safety profile of H₂ in postharvest contexts. The review also outlines downstream molecular targets relevant to H₂ biology and discusses the scientific and practical implications of applying H₂ for extending the shelf life of perishable horticultural commodities.

Mechanism

H₂ delays postharvest senescence by upregulating antioxidant systems, activating cell wall and energy metabolism, inhibiting ethylene biosynthesis, and modulating bacterial communities on horticultural products.